Walter Farrell, O.P., A Companion to the Summa, Volume II

APPENDIX TO CHAPTER XX
REVEALED DOCTRINE PERTAINING TO GRACE

I

1. Man does not need grace to know natural truth.

Council of Vatican, Session III, chapter 2, canon I (Denziger, # 1806).

2. To know supernatural truth man needs grace.

II Council of Orange, canon 7 (Denz., # 180). Council of Vatican, Sess. III, chapter 2 (Denz., # 1786). Council of Trent, Sess. VI, canon 3 (Denz., # 813).

3. Without grace there can be no work valid for salvation.

II Council of Orange, canon 7 (Denz., # 180). Council of Trent, Sess. VI, canon 2 (Denz., # 812).

4. Without grace man cannot begin work for salvation.

II Council of Orange, canons 5 and 7 (Denz., # 178, 180);

5. Not all the works of the just are sins.

Council of Trent, Sess. VI, chapter II (Denz., # 804) and canon 31 (Denz., # 841).

6. Works are not always evil if they are done without perfect charity.

Council of Trent, Sess. XIV, canon 5 (Denz., # 915) and Sess. VI, canon 7 (Denz., # 817).

7. Not all the works of infidels are sins.

Council of Trent, Sess. VI, canon 7 (Denz., # 817).

II

1. Without grace man cannot keep any supernatural precept as to the substance of the work.

II Council of Mileve, canon 5 (Denz., # 105). Council of Trent, Sess. VI, canon 2 (Denz., #812).

2. Nor can man keep any natural precept according to the mode of charity without grace.

Council of Trent, ibid., canon 3 (Denz., # 813). II Council of Orange, canons 6 and 7 (Denz., # 179, 180).

3. Without grace man cannot merit eternal life.

Council of Trent, Sess. VI, canon 2 (Denz., # 812).

4. Actual grace is necessary to attain habitual grace.

II Council of Orange, canons 3 and 6 (Denz., # 176, 179). Council of Trent, Sess. VI, chapter 5 (Denz., # 797) and canon 3 (Denz., # 813).

5. Man cannot rise from sin without grace.

II Council of Orange, canons 4 and 5 (Denz., # 177, 178). Council of Trent, Sess. VI, canon 3 (Denz., # 813).

6. Man in the state of fallen nature, healed by habitual grace, can avoid single venial sins, but not all venial sins unless by special privilege.

II Council of Mileve, canon 6 (Denz., # 106). Council of Trent, Sess. VI, canon 23 (Denz., # 833).

7. Man in this state, not healed by habitual grace, cannot long remain without mortal sin.

II Council of Mileve, canon 3 (Denz., # 103). Coelestine I, "Indiculus" (Denz., # 132).

III

1. Man needs actual grace to perform a supernaturally good work.

II Council of Orange, canon 9 (Denz., # 182). Council of Trent, Sess. VI, chapter 16 (Denz., # 809).

2. For final perseverance man needs a special divine help directing and protecting him against temptation.

II Council of Orange, Canon 10 (Denz., # 183). Council of Trent, Sess. VI, canons 16 and 22 (Denz., # 826, 832).

3. Grace is something created and infused in the soul, inhering there by way of habit.

Council of Vienna (contra errores Ioannes Olivi) (Denz., # 483). Council of Trent, Sess. VI, canon 11 (Denz., # 821).

4. God is the first and universal cause and His knowledge is universal and infallible, depending on no one or nothing else.

IV Lateran Council, chapter I (Denz., # 428). Vatican Council, Sess. III, chapter 1 (Denz., # 1782-1784).

5. The will of man is free in its action, even its supernatural action.

Council of Trent, Sess. VI, chapter 5 (Denz., # 797, 798, 799) and canons 4, 5, 6 (Denz., # 814-816).

6. God is the only principal efficient cause of grace.

II Council of Orange, canons 7 and 20 (Denz., # 180, 193). Council of Trent, Sess. VI, chapter 7 (Denz., # 799).

IV

1. Some preparation is necessary for habitual grace.

Council of Trent, Sess. VI, canons 3 and 9 (Denz., # 813, 819).

2. Man prepares himself for grace by good movements of his free will.

Ibid., canons 4 and 9 (Denz., # 814, 819).

3. All the just are given grace sufficient to observe all precepts.

II Council of Orange, canon 25 (Denz., # 199,200). Council of Trent, Sess. VI, chapter II (Denz., # 804).

4. To all sinners among the faithful, even obdurate and blinded, God gives grace truly sufficient for repentance and avoidance of new sins.

IV Lateran Council, chapter I (Denz., # 430). Council of Trent, Sess. VI, canons 17 and 29 (Denz., # 827, 839).

5. Grace sufficient for salvation is given to all infidels, even negative infidels, according to time and place.

Propositions of Jansenists condemned by Alex. VIII, prop. 5 (Denz., # 1295). II Council of Orange, canons 23, 25 (Denz., # 196, 200). Coelestine I, "Indiculus" (Denz., # 139). Council of Trent, Sess. VI, canon 17 (Denz., # 827).

V

1. Sanctifying grace can be increased and is not equal in all.

Council of Trent, Sess. VI, chapter 7 and canon 24 (Denz, # 799, 834)

2. Without a revelation, man cannot know certainly that he has grace.

Council of Trent, Sess. VI, chapter 9 and canons 13, 14, 16 (Denz., # 802, 823, 824, 826).

3. Movement of free will is necessary for the justification of the sinner.

Ibid., chapter 6 and canon 4 (Denz., # 798, 814).

4. For justification of a sinner a movement of faith is required.

Ibid., chapter 6 (Denz., # 798).

5. For justification of a sinner movement of will against sin is necessary.

Ibid.

6. Remission of sin is to be enumerated among the things required for justification.

Ibid., chapter 7 (Denz., # 799).

VI

1. The just truly merit.

IV Lateran Council, chapter # (Denz., #t 429). Council of Trent, Sess. VI, chapter 16 and canon 24 (Denz., # 809, 834).

2. The power of meriting is from the mercy of God and the merit of Christ.

Council of Trent, Sess. VI, chapter 16 and canon 26 (Denz., # 809, 836).

3. Our merits give us a true right to reward.

II Council of Orange, canon 18 (Denz., # 191). Council of Trent, ibid., canon 32 (Denz., # 842).

4. No one can merit for himself the first actual grace.

II Council of Orange, canons 3 and 5 (Denz., # 176, 178). Council of Trent, Sess. VI, chapter 6 (Denz., # 798), chapter 5 (Denz., # 797).

5. No one can merit the first habitual grace de condigno.

Council of Trent, Sess. VI, chapter 16, chapter 8, canon 32 (Denz., # 809, 801, 842).

6. Man cannot merit reparation after a future fall.

Ibid., chapter 8 (Denz., # 801).

7. Man can merit an increase in grace and charity.

Ibid., canons 24 and 32 (Denz.,.# 834, 842).

8. Man can merit eternal life.

Ibid., chapter 16 and canon 32 (Denz., # 809, 842.)

«-- Back

A Companion to the Summa - Vol. II